منابع مشابه
Arctic Climate Effects of Black Carbon
The Arctic is warming about twice as rapidly as the rest of Earth. Black carbon (BC) particles are an important short-lived pollutant that explain a significant fraction of the observed Arctic warming. Most Arctic BC comes from fuel-combustion not from open fires. Arctic climate is very sensitive to the surface warming that BC causes. BC appears to warm the Arctic more than any other agent exce...
متن کاملArctic climate sensitivity to local black carbon
[1] Recent attention has focused on the impact of black carbon (BC) on Arctic climate. Here, idealized equilibrium climate experiments are conducted to explore the dependence of Arctic temperature change on the altitude and season of local BC forcing. BC residing in the lowest atmospheric layer produces very strong Arctic warming per unit mass and forcing [2.8 ̇ 0.5 K (W m–2)–1] because of low c...
متن کاملClimate trade-off between black carbon and carbon dioxide emissions
There are various difficulties involved with comparing the effects of short-lived and long-lived atmospheric species on climate. Global warming potentials (GWPs) can be computed for pulse emissions of short-lived species. However, if the focus is on the long-term effect of a pulse emission occurring today, GWPs do not factor in the fact that if a radiative forcing is applied for a short period,...
متن کاملBlack Carbon: The Dark Horse of Climate Change Drivers
A 172 Black Carbon The Dark Horse of Climate Change Drivers For decades, efforts to slow global warming have mostly aimed to limit heat-trapping emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). Now scientists are pointing to a different class of warming agents they say also must be targeted to keep global temperatures in check. Dubbed “shortlived climate forcings” (SLCFs), these other emissions— namely, blac...
متن کاملGlobal and regional climate changes due to black carbon
Black carbon (BC) is an important part of the combustion product commonly referred to as soot1. BC in indoor environments is largely due to cooking with biofuels such as wood, dung and crop residue. Outdoors, it is due to fossil fuel combustion (diesel and coal), open biomass burning (associated with deforestation and crop residue burning), and cooking with biofuels1. Soot aerosols absorb and s...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 2005
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.309.5736.852c